Graphology References

[Varda]

[ These posts were copied here to preserve the extensive reference material on the site (accessed by a link) without having it clutter up the discussion and digest. The original discussion thread is: https://www.waccobb.net/forums/showthread.php?104001 - Barry]


Hi Barry, Shandi and Pam,

If I may, there are many misconceptions about handwriting analysis (graphology)! and Wikipedia and/or the skeptics are NOT where you should look for serious, in depth information! at the end of this email will post to you a list of references to research conducted in the US, Canada, UK, France, Germany, Holland, Switzerland, Israel, Spain and might be more about Graphology, mostly from medical and psychological journals to demonstrate to you that there has been quite a bit of serious research about graphology.

Handwriting analysis assesses one's behavior and personality as expressed in his or her handwriting. Not related to the occult, it's not a psychic exercise, does not guess or predict what happened/or will happen to the writer. It is a complex, involved study that takes years to master.

Is it a science?

There are two aspects to a handwriting analysis - first one is identifying findings - observing features in the writing and correlating them to established behaviors,

The second one - synthesizing, putting all the details together to reach an understanding of the person behind the writing. The first step is the studied and researched aspect, the science of graphology, the latter is the art of it. Same can be observed in psychology, medicine, and just about any field accessed and executed by humans, because each of us is unique and filters data thru our own prism shaped by everything that makes us - our genes, history, life experience, etc.

Forensic handwriting analysis, or Questioned Document Examination, as Pam noted, is a different field of study . Graphology will deal with the psychology of the writer, document examination will answer - who penned that writing? it's about authenticating questioned writing. (Have studied, completed two courses (basic and advanced) in 1995 in Questioned Document Examination, have certificates. Have a certificates in graphology (basic and advanced), late 80's, and just got another certificate recently from AHAF (American Handwriting Analysis Foundation).

I have my own international graphology online forum since 2001, we are 40+ members from about 10 countries, quite busy in anything handwriting! and I belong to 2 other international forums with about 500 graphologists (!) we have physicians, many psychologists, engineers, private investigators, and people from all walks of life and corners of the globe passionate about graphology.

So, try to imagine what it is for me to read some of the emails here trashing graphology out of sheer lack of basic understanding of what it is or isn't!

So, here is the list, it's LONG! of research references about graphology, get a decent book about it and find out more!

Research in graphology

APA Guidelines For Educational and Psychological Testing
American Psychological Association
APA: 1974.

Barrow, N K and Scott, R H
Validation of a personnel Selection System to meet EEOC Guidelines.
Journal Of Handwriting Psychology

1984, 1 (1), 15 - 17

Baruch Nevo,
Graphology Validation Studies in Israel.

Beumont, P. - British Journal of Psychiatry
Small handwriting in some patients with anorexia nervosa
1971. 119, 349-350,

Binet, Alfred L.
La graphologie et ses revelations sur le sexe, l'age et l'intelligence.
L'Ann,e Psychologique
1904: 10, 179-210

Broom, M E , Thompson, B & Bouton, M T
Sex Differences in Handwriting
Journal of Applied Psychology
1929, 13, 159-166

Bruchon-Schweitzer, M & Ferrieux, D
Une Enqete sur le recrutement en France
European Review of Applied Psychology
1991: 41, 9 - 19

Campbell, D T & Fiske, D W:
Convergent and Discriminant Validation by the Multitrait-MultiMethod Matrix.
Psychological Bulletin
1959, 56, 81 - 105.

Castelnuovo-Tedesco, P
Ratings of Intelligence and Personality from Handwriting
American Psychologist

Cattell, Raymond B

A Culture Free Intelligence Test I
Journal of Educational Psychology
March 1940: 31(30, 161 - 170

Crepieux-Jamin
L'age et le sexe dans l',criture
Parigi: Adyar: 1924

Crumbaugh, J C & Stockholm, E
Validation of Graphoanalysis by 'Global' or 'Holistic' Method.
Perceptual And Motor Skills
1977, 44, 03 - 410.
( Crumbaugh 1977 )

Crumbaugh, J C
A Reply to 'Validity And Student Acceptance of A Graphoanalytic Approach To Personality.'
Journal of Personality Assessment.
1977 , 41, 351 - 352 .
( Crumbaugh 1977 )

Dennis, Wayne
Handwriting conventions as determinants of human figure drawings
Journal of Consulting Psychology
1958: 22, 293-295

Dennis, Wayne & Raskin, Evelyn
Further evidence concerning the effect of handwriting habits upon the location of drawing.
Journal of Consulting Psychology
1960, 24, 548-249

Eliasberg, Wladimir:
Political Graphology
Journal of Psychology
1943, 16, 177 - 201.

Eliasberg, Wladimir:
Methods in graphological diagnostics.
Psychiatric Quarterly
1952, 26, 399 - 413.

Epstein, L, Hartford, H & Tumarkin, I
The relationship of certain letter form variants in the handwriting of female subjects to their education.
Journal of Experimental Education
1961, 29(4), 385-392

Epstein, S
The Stability of Behavior: 1
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
1979, 37, 1097 - 1126

Epstein, S
The Stability Of Behavior: 2
American Psychologist
1980, 35, 790 - 806

Eysench, H. J. & Eyseneck, S. B. G.
Manual of the Eysenck Personality Inventory
London: University of London Press: 1964

Eysenck, H. J.
Graphological analysis and psychiatry: An Experimental Study
British Journal of Psychology
1945, 35, 70-81

Eysenck, H. J.
"Neuroticism" and handwriting
Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology
1948, 43, 94-96

Eysenck, H. J.
Handbook of Abnormal Psychology:
An Experimental Approach
London: Putnam: 1960

Eysenck, H. J.
Dimensions of Personality
London: 1961

Eysenck, H. J.
The Structure of Human Personality
London: Methuen: 1970

Eysenck, H J, and Gudjonsson, G
An Empirical Study of the Validity of Handwriting Analysis. Personality and Individual Differences
1986, 7, 263 - 264.

Fahrenburg, J.
Graphometrie
University of Freiburg: PhD Dissertation: 1961

Fahrenburg, J & Conrad, W
Eine explorativ Faktorenanalyse Graphometrischer und Psyhcometrischer Daten
Zeitschrift fur Experimentalle und Angewande Psychologie
1964: 12: 223- 238

Fluckinger, Fritz A., Tripp, Clarence A., and Weinberg,George H:
A Review of Experimental Research in Graphology: 1933 - 1960.
Perceptual and Motor Skills
1961, 12, 67 - 90.
( Fluckinger 1961 )

Frederick, C J
Some phenomena affecting handwriting analysis
Perceptual And Motor Skills
1965. 20, 211 - 218.

Galbraith, Dorothy and Wilson, Warner:
Reliability of the Graphoanalytic Approach to Handwriting Analysis.
Perceptual And Motor Skills
1964, 19(2), 615 - 618.
( Galbraith 1964 )

Galdo, L:
Valore della scrittura dal punto di vista della
psicopatologia.
Scrittura onore Kiesow
1933, 149-159
( Galdo 1933 )

Ghislain-Houzel:
De wetenschappelijke grondslagen der graphologie.
Tijdschrift voor wetenschappelijke graphologie,
1932, 4, 5 - 7.

Groot, A D de:
Een experimenteel-statistische toetsing van karakterologische ( grafologische ) rapporten.
Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor Psychologie
1947, 2 (5) 380 - 473.

Groot, A D de:
Toetsing van grafologische rapporten. Een antwoord aan de heer Margadant.
Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor Psychologie,
1949, 4 (1) , 70 - 81.

Groot, A D de:
Grafologie en andere psychologische methoden.
De Grafologie, prae-adviezen en discussieverslagen van de Nederlandsch Ver. Bedriffspsychologie.
1954, 18, 8 - 17.

Guilford, J P:
Personality
New York: McGraw, 1959

Gundy, Lloyd W. Etienne Cabet:
A genealogical test of graphoanalysis
National Genealogical Society Quarterly
March 1990, Vol.78, No.1, p.39+

Hamid, Kate & Loewenthal
Inferring gender from handwriting in Urdu and English
The Journal of Social Psychology
December 1996: 136 (6), 778 - 783

Hansen, Mark
Handwriting Analysis under fire
ABA Journal
May 1997: 83, 76 - 79

Hatfield, Iris, E. Edward Peeples, PhD, and Robert O'Block, PhD
Examining Horizontal Lengths of Signatures in True vs False Statements
Human Graphics Center for Research and Information, 1994.

Hearns, Rudolph S.
Heredity of psychological types. A study of the handwriting of the Roosevelt families over 200 years
World Analyst
1959/60, No.1, pp.3-9

Hearns, Rudolph S
Reflexions sur les ,critures allemandes et nord-americaines.
La Graphologie
1974, 134

Hector Heinz:
Untersuchung zur Laiengraphologie.
Beihefte zur Schweizerischen Zeitschrift f?r Psychologie und ihre Anwendungen
1953, 20, 80 - 88.

Hearns, R. - Criminal Psychopathology,
The use of graphology in criminology
1972, 3, 461-464

Hector Heinz:
Das Methodenproblem der Graphologie.
Beihefte zur Schweizerischen Zeitschrift f?r Psychologie und ihre Anwendungen
1949, 18, 25 - 46.

Hofsommer, W. and Holdsworth, R and Seifert, T:
Reliabilit"tsfragen in der Graphologie.
Psychologie und Praxis
1965, 9 (1), 14 - 24.

Howes, R J
The Rorschach: Does it Have a Future?
Journal of Personality Assessment
1981, 45, 339 - 351 ????

Ianetta, Kimon and Reed Hayes, James F. Craine, PhD & Dennis G. McLaughlin, PhD
Facilitating Assessment of Dangerousness
by Using Characteristics of Handwriting Hawaii
1992.

Institut f?r Werbepsychologie und Marketkundung.
Die Verteilung von Handschriften-Merkmalen innerhalb der westdeutschen Bev"lkerung.
Praktische Psychologie
1966, 20(9), 211-214

Jacoby, Hans J:
De oorzaak van verkeerde graphologische diagnosen.
Tijdschrift voor wetenschappelijke Graphologie,
1930, 2, 88 - 90.

Jansen, Abraham:
Toetsing van grafologische uitspraken. Een Experimentele studie.
Amsterdam: F Van Rossen, 1963.

Jansen, Abraham:
Research noodzakelijke voorwaarde voor schoolgrafologie.
Tijdschrift Orthopedagogiek,
1965, 4(9), 230 - 235.

Jansen, Abraham:
Validation of Graphological Judgments: An Experimental Study.
The Hague: Mouton, 1973.

Jores, A
Handschrift und Lebensalter
Zeitschrift f?r Menschenkunde
1930: 6, 75-78

Kam, Moshe
Journal of Forensic Sciences
September 1997:

Keinan, G.
Can stress be measured by handwriting analysis ?
The effectiveness of the analytic method; discusses theoretical implications and possible advantages of using handwriting parameters as an indication of acute stress.

Applied Psychology--An International Review
Psychologies Appliquee-Revue International:
V0042 N2: APR 1993: pp. 153-170.

King, Leslie:
Graphology: An evaluation of some research
performed in its investigation.
Bountiful, UT: Leslie King: 1974

Klages, Ludwig
Der "Religiouse Kurve"
Zeitschurft f?r die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie
1938: 163, 575-584

Klimonski, R J & Rafaeli, A:
Inferring Personal Qualities through Handwriting Analysis
Journal Of Occupational Psychology
1983, 56, 191 - 202

Kraus, Ron
Reliability and Validity of HWA compared to the standard battery.
PhD Thesis: 1993

Levy, Jerre & Reid, Marylou
Variations in writing posture and cerebral organization
Science
October 1976, 194(4262), 337-339

Livingston, Orville B:
Frequency of certain characteristics in handwriting,
Pen-printing of two hundred people.
Journal of Forensic Sciences.
1963, 8(2), 250 - 258
( Livingston 1963 )

Lockowandte, Oskar
Present Status of the Investigation of Handwriting Psychology, as a Diagnostic Method.
J.S.A.S. Catalogue of Selected Documents in Psychology
1976, 6(1), 4

Lockowandte, Oskar:
Faktorenanalytische Validierung der Handschrift mit besonder Berucksichtigung projektiver Methoden.
Unpublished dissertation, University of Frieburg, 1966

Lockowandte, Oskar:
La validation de l',criture par analyse factorielle, en relation avec les methodes projectives.
La Graphologie,
1968, 109, 24

Lockowandte, Oskar:
Quantitative Ueberprufungsmethoden in der Graphologie.
Zeitschrift fur experimentelle und angewandte Psychologie.
1968, 15 (3), 487 - 530

Lockowandte, Oskar:
Present status of the investigation of handwriting psychology as a diagnostic method.
Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology,
1976, 6, 4 - 5.

Lorr, Maurice and Golder, Jacob V:
Validation of some handwriting scales against personality inventory scores.
American Psychologist,
1948, 3, 262.

Mack, L.
Hemispheric Specialization for Handwriting in Right-Handers
Brain and Cognition; V0021 N1, pp 80-85,
Jan. 1993.

Maluf, Ued:
Notas sobre as tecnicas projectivas na investiagacao psicologica.
Boletim do Instituto de Psicologia,
1960, 10 ( 1-2 ), 14 - 27.

Mann, W Raymond:
A continuation of the search for objective graphological hypotheses.
Unpublished dissertation, University of Ottawa, 1961.

Marchesan, Marco:
Gli experimenti sulla scrittura da Binet ai nostri giorni.
Revista de Psicologia Normal e Pat¢logica.
1958, 4, 116 - 146.

Mehta, M K:
The Identification of Handwriting and the Close Examination of Experts.
Tripathi, 1970: Fourth Edition .
Tripathi, 1961: Second Edition.

Mengelberg, Paul M
Die symptome der Veralterung in der Handschrift
Zeitschrift f?r Menschenkunde
1965, 29, 3-27

Miller, James:
A Bibliography Of Handwriting Analysis: A Graphological Index.
Whitston Publishing Company: Troy, NY: 1982

M?hl, Anita M:
Report on twenty three years of research in handwriting.
Medical Woman's Journal
1948, 55, 27 - 31, 60.
1952, 59, 409 - 411

Naegler, Robert C:
A Validation study of personality assessment through Graphoanalysis.
Unpublished paper. Drury College.
International Graphoanalysis Society, 1960.
( Nagler 1960 )

Neter, E & Ben-Shakhar, G
The Predictive Validity of Graphological Inferences: A Meta-Analytical Approach
Personality and Individual Differences
1989, 10, 737 - 745.

Nevo, B:
Scientific Aspects Of Graphology: A Handbook
Springfield, IL: Thomas: 1986
( Nevo 1986 )

Nevo, B:
Reliability of Graphology: A Survey of the Literature in Scientific Aspects of Graphology:
A Handbook edited by B Nevo. Springfield, IL: Thomas: 1986
( Nevo 1986a)

Nevo, B
Validation of Graphology through Use of a Matching Method Based on Ranking.
Perceptual And Skills
1989: 69, 734 - 745.

Ouweleen, H W:
Schoolcijfers, korte graphologische analyse en schriftelijk onderzoek bij de voor-selectie.
Nederlandsch tijdschrift voor psychologie.
1950, 5(4), 324 - 342.

Ouweleen, H W:
Een wetenschappelijk onderzoek van grafologische uitspraken.
The Hague: Nederlandsch Ver. Bedrijfspychologie, 1963.

Paul-Mengeberg, M
Die Symptome der Veralterund in der handschrift
Zeitschrift Fur Mennschenkunde
1965, 29, 3-27

Pearl, R. A:
The value of handwriting in the neurological examination.
Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine,
1974, 41, 200 - 204.

Peeples, E E:
Training, Certification and Experience of handwriting Analysts.
Perceptual And Motor Skills
1990, 70: 1219 - 1226
( Peeples 1990 )

Pfanne, Heinrich.
Die Schriftexpertise und ihre Bedeutung f?r dier
Rechtsprechung.
Rudolstadt: Der Greifenverlag, 1955.

Popper, Karl R:
Science: Conjectures and Refutations
in Conjectures And Refutations
New York: Harper & Row, 1968.

Pokorny, Richard
Psychologie Der Handschrift
Munich: Kindler Verlag GmbH: 1973

Pritchard, Anita
Reliability of graphological judgments based on different tecniques of hwa.
date unknown;

Prystav, Gunther:
Interpretationsreliabilit"t in der Schriftpsychologie.
Schweizerische Zeitschrift f?r Psychologie und ihre Anwendungen.
1971, 30 ( 4 ), 320 - 332.

Pulver, Max
Symbolik des Schriftfeldes
Zeitschrift f?r Menschenkunde
1930: 6, 53-63

Pulver, Max
Symbolik der Handschrift
Zurich & Leipzig: Fussli: 1940

Rafaeli, A & Klimoski, R J:
Predicting Sales Success through handwriting analysis: An evaluation of effects of training and handwriting sample content.
Journal Of Applied Psychology
1983 ( 68 ) 212 - 217

Raices, Nuestras
Handwriting: a unique tool for the genealogist
Our Roots Quarterly,
Summer 1994, Vol.6, No.2, pp.43+

Ras, Matilda:
Historia de la escritura y grafolog¡a.
Madrid: Editorial Plus-Ultra, 1951.

Rivkai, I
al hahipazon v'haitiyut bikhtav uv'al pe
Urim
1948/9, 6, 476-480

Rosenthal, R:
Experimenter Effects in Behavioral Research.
New York: Appleton Century Crofts, 1966

Sassoon, R. - Children's Handwriting As An Indicator of Stress;
International Journal of Psychology;
V0027 N3-4, p 440, Jun-Aug 1992.

Schmitt, J, Neal, J & Klimoski, R:
Research Method's in Human Resources Management.
South Western Publications, Cincinnati, OH: 1991.

Schwarz, Daniel
A validity study assessing integrity.
1992.

Seifert, Theodor:
Faktoreanalyse einger Schriftmerkmale.
Zeitschrift f?r experimentelle und Angewandte Psychologie.
1964, 11 ( 4 ), 645 - 666.

Shimrat, Niusia
Lateral dominance and direction orientation in the writing of American and Israeli children.
Dissertation Abstracts International
1970, 31(4-b). 2267

Shimrat, Niusia
The impact of laterality and cultural background on the development of writing skills.
Neuropsychologia
1973, 11(2), 239-242

Sovik, N; Arntzen O & Thygesen, R
Effects of Feedback in Graphonomics: Contemporary Research in Handwriting edited by Kao, H S R; Van Galen, G P & Hoosian,
R: Amsterdam, The Netherlands: 1986.

Stabholz, M S
Individual differences in handwriting of monozygotic and dizogtic twins in relation to personality and genetic factors
University of London: PhD Thesis: 1981

Stangohr, Gordon R
Opposite hand writings
Journal of Forensic Sciences
1968, 13(3), 376-389

Starch, D
Educational Psychology
New York: Macmillan: 1927

Steiner, Dirk D; Stephen W Gilliland
Fairness reactions to personnel selection techniques in France and the United States
Journal of Applied Psychology
April 1996: 81(2), 134 - 142

Thomas, D L
Validity of Graphoanalysis in the Assessment of
Personality Characteristics.
Master's Thesis, Colorado State University: 1966
( Thomas 1966 )

Timm, Ulrich:
Graphometrie als psychologischer Test
Psychologische Forschung
1967, 30, 307 - 356

Van Der Hout, C. G:
Schrijven. Proeve van een fenomenologische benadering.
Groningen: J B Wolters, 1967.

Vestewig, Richard; Santee, Aileen H. and Moss, Martin K:
Validity and student acceptance of a graphoanalytic approach to personality.
Journal of Personality Assessment,
1976, 40 (6), 592 - 598.

Vuiller, H Richard
Evidence of Character To Prove Conduct: Illusion,

Illogic and Injustice in The Courtroom.
University of Pennsylvania Law Review
April 1982: 130(4), 845 - 891

Wallner, Tuet:
Die Statistik in der Graphologie.
Zeitschrift f?r Menschenkunde
1955, 19, 129 - 132

Wallner, Tuet:
Die Zuverl"ssigkeit der graphologischen
Beurteilungsgrundlagen.
Ausdruckunde
1956, 3, 251 - 254

Wallner, Tuet:
Graphologie als Objekt statisticher Untersuchungen
Psychologische Rundschau
1965, 16 ( 4 ), 282 - 298.

Wallner, Tuet:
A Necessary correction of a validating research study in handwriting psychology by D Kimmel and M Werheimer.
Journal of Projective Techniques and Personality
Assessment.
1967, 31(2), 70 - 71.

Wallner, Tuet:
Orientering i skriftpsykilogins teori och forskingsresultat.
Norkisk Psykologi
1967, 19(3), 162 - 173.

Wallner, Tuet:
Die Reliabilit"t schriftpsychologischer Begutachtungen.
Zeitschrift f?r Menschenkunde
1969, 33, 191 - 197.

Wallner, Tuet:
Der Unterschied zwischen Schriftpsychologie und Graphologie.
Psychologie und Praxis
1971, 15(1_, 1 - 8.

Wallner, Tuet
Bemerkungen zu W H Muellers Untersuchungen uber die Objecktivitat von Anumutungsqualitaten in der Handschrift.
Psychologische Beitrage
1961, 5, 586-596

Wallner, Tuet:
De fundamentele Werkhypothesen der Schriftpsychologie.
Acta Graphologica,
1973, 3, 3 - 11.

Wallner, Tuet:
Planung und Durchf?hrung von schriftpsychologischen Untersuchungen.
Zeitschrift f?r experimentelle und angewandte Psychologie.
1970, 17(2), 316 - 256.

Wallner, Tuet:
Hypotheses of Handwriting Psychology and their Verification.
Professional Psychology
1975, 6 ( 1) , 8 - 16

Weiss, A A
Directionality in four Bender-Gestlat figures III
Perceptual and Motor Skills
1975, 40(2), 595-598

Zweigenhaft, Richard L & Marlowe, David:
Signature size: Studies in expressive movements.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology.
1973, 40(3), 469 - 473.

Here's the info Dr Pam referenced. First the wikipedia page on Graphology starts off with:

"Graphology is the study of handwriting.^[1] As a theory or practice for inferring a person's character, disposition, and attitudes from their handwriting, graphology is generally considered pseudoscience.^[2][3] The term is sometimes incorrectly used to refer to forensic document examination.

Graphology has been controversial for more than a century. Although supporters point to the anecdotal evidence of thousands of positive testimonials as a reason to use it for personality evaluation, most empirical studies fail to show the validity claimed by its supporters.^[4][5]"

Footnote 4 leads to an article published in "International Journal of Selection and Assessment' which describes itself as:

The International Journal of Selection and Assessment (IJSA) is leading, peer reviewed journal, that publishes empirical studies, review articles, and theoretical expositions, related to all aspects of staffing and assessment in organizations.

The journal is dedicated to advancing global knowledge on staffing, by providing research of the highest quality, which speaks to a global audience of both academics, and practitioners.

So what they are interested is finding scientifically valid techniques for deciding if someone is right for the job. If graphology is indeed helpful in revealing aspects of one's character, it seems like it would be good use for this technique.

However, they put it to a test in a study called "Should We Write Off Graphology?" and found that:

"the overwhelming results of well-controlled empirical studies have been that the technique has not demonstrated acceptable validity. A review of relevant literature regarding both theory and research indicates that, while the procedure may have an intuitive appeal, graphology should not be used in a selection context."

Sounds pretty damming to me. However...

... as for my own ... my experience is often that people are pretty consistent. Their personality seems to be revealed in everything they do whether how they dress, car they drive, how they post, whatever... their full complement of actions in the world are a perfect reflection of who they are. When you think about it, it can be no other way.

Handwriting, to the extent that anybody actually still does it , is definitely organic to the person. Now whether we can suss out a particular shape means a certain something... at a minimum, the people who have done the reading haven't developed the technique to the point where it can be scientifically demonstrated to be better than random. On the other hand, they didn't test our Varda!

[Shandi]

Thanks Barry! I realized that somewhere in the back of my brainware, I recall reading something about graphology being used in screening job applicants. When I did a search, I found so many that rather than just site one reference I copied and pasted several of them, so that people who might be interested in looking at this approach to using this practice in business, would have some options to check out. It may be a psuedo-science, but it's one of those things, in a complex array of others, that are used to make judgements about people.

We've all heard the saying "Don't judge a book by it's cover", but it's kind of hard not to, since that's our first impression. Whether it's the way someone dresses, (or undresses, thinking now about the "in-style" of showing butt cracks or underwear) how they walk, what they eat or drink or smoke, whether their voice is loud or soft, plus many other ways we filter people thru the lense of our perception.
Search Results

1. Handwritten evidence | Guardian Jobs
   
   jobs.theguardian.com/article/4170791/handwritten-evidence/‎
   
   But while recruitment-graphology is growing in Britain - used by more than 3,000 ... "So job applicants need never fear that a sample of their handwriting has been ... can be a cost-effective screening process to these more expensive methods.
2. handwriting analysis in business: human resources use graphology ...
   
   www.ehandwritinganalysis.com/employer.html‎
   
   handwriting analysis in business: human resources use graphology for employee screening and personality profiles. ... of potential employees and a risk assessment of the applicant allowing an employer to determine if a job fits the individual ...
3. Job offer might hinge on penmanship Handwriting analysis used by ...
   
   articles.baltimoresun.com/.../1997034078_1_handwrit...‎The Baltimore Sun
   
   
   Feb 3, 1997 - Olsten Corp., the Melville, N.Y., temporary work agency, uses handwriting analysis to screen all managerial and sales applicants for such traits ...
4. Graphology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
   
   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphology‎Wikipedia
   
   7.1 Employment profiling; 7.2 Business compatibility; 7.3 Psychological .... Graphology is primarily used as a recruiting tool to screen candidates during the ...
5. Personnel Selection | McGraw-Hill Answers
   
   answers.mheducation.com/business/management/.../personnel-selection‎
   
   Each of these methods of selecting job candidates based on information ... The CIA uses a very long multiple-choice test as an initial screening device for job applicants ... Handwriting analysis is used by some U.S. companies and even more ...
6. Job Screening and Hiring - Handwriting Research Corporation
   
   www.handwriting.com/corpapps/hiring.html‎
   Only handwriting analysis evaluates an applicant free of bias: it profiles the complete ... Listed below are the most common job screening tools used today: ...
7. [PDF]The Use of Personality Tests as a Hiring Tool - University of ...
   
   https://www.law.upenn.edu/.../Sta...‎University of Pennsylvania Law School
   
   by SJ Stabilet - ‎1997 - ‎Cited by 23 - ‎Related articles
   example, there has been an increase in the use of graphology (handwriting ... means of screening job applicants.4 Although personality tests have been.
8. Handwriting Analysis and Screening Job Applicants
   
   www.manyhatspublications.com/article-221.html‎
   The use of handwriting analysis to screen job applicants.
9. [PDF]The Legal Implications of Graphology - Wash U Law Repository
   
   digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1584...‎
   
   by JA Spohn - ‎1997 - ‎Cited by 8 - ‎Related articles
   uses graphology to screen applicants); Laurie Corbin, Debbie Berk Wants Your ... used graphology in employee screening); The Power of the Written Word, ...
10. GRAPHOLOGY- An Effective Tool of Human Resources - aptitude tests ...
    
    www.citehr.com › ... › Human Resource Management‎
    
    Apr 29, 1999 - 6 posts - ‎5 authors
    Graphology is used extensively in Europe, particularly France where 90% of all ... Their functions include screening job applicants, evaluating ...

[Varda]

Pam,

Here is another list of research with graphology, what about that?

Researcher	Year	Title	Publication	University	Country
Holzwarth, J.	1947	Die Schrift der Hilfsschüler.	Dissertation phil. l., Vienna University	Vienna, Austria.
Lossen, H.	1947	Der seelische Verlaufsprozess bei Kindern und Jugendlichen.	Disseratation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg	Freiburg/Br., Germany
Wolfson, R.	1949	A Study in handwriting analysis.	Dissertation. Faculty of pure sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY.	USA
Hilton, O.	1952	Can the forger be identified from his handwriting?	Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology and Police Science, 43, 547-55.
McNeil, E.B. and Blum, G. S.	1952	Handwriting and psychosexual dimensions of personality.	Journal of Projective Techniques, 16, 476-487.
Rabin, A. and Blair, H.	1953	The effect of alcohol on handwriting	Journal of Clinical Psychology, 9, 284-287
Angel, E.	1954	Form Level judgements on handwriting and their relations to the personality of the judges	MA thesis	New School for Social Research	New York City
Teltscher, H.	1954	A study of matching “blind” graphological analyses with judges’ impressions.	M.A. thesis, Faculty of political and social science, New School for Social Research, New York, NY.	USA
Beschel, G.	1956	Kritzelschrift und Schulreife.	Psychol. Rdsch. 7, 31-44.
Legrün, A.	1956	Disturbances in handwriting shortly before death.	Kriminalistik, 12,11, 454-5.
Grünewald, G.	1957	Graphometrie – Grössenveränderungen einer 25 Jahre umfassenden Schriftentwicklung (Graphometry – changes in sizes in a comprehensive development of handwriting over 25 years] (in German).	Zeitschrift für Diagnostische Psychologie und Persönlichkeitsforschung, 4, 70-76.
Högler, A.	1958	Messungen an Zwillingshandschriften [Measuring and handwritings of twins] (in German).	Zeitschrift Diagnostische Psychologie, 6.
Kanfer, A. and Casten, D.F.	1958	Observations on disturbances in neuromuscular coordination in patients with malignant disease.	Bulletin of the Hospital for Joint Diseases, 19, 1-19.
Kranz-Gross, A. and Haase, H. J.	1958	Der Schreibdruck im Vergleich zur anderen psychomotorischen Verläufe bei endogenen Depressionen und Normalen [The writing pressure in comparison of other psycho-motoric processes in endogenic depressed and normals] (in German). Z. exp. ang.	Psychologie, 5, 246-267.
Stern, M.	1958	Entwicklungshemmung und Graphologie [Inhibition in development and graphology] (in German).	Dissertation Phil.l. Zurich University, Zurich, Switzerland.	Switzerland
Grünewald, G.	1959	Über den Einfluss von Drogen auf die Schriftpsychomotorik {On the influence of drugs on handwriting’s fine-motricity] (in German).	Archiv für Psychiatrie, 198.
Tripp, C., Fluckiger, F. and Weinberg, G.	1959	Effects of alcohol on the graphomotor performance of normals and chronic alcoholics.	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 9, 227-236.
Groffmann, K. J. and Fahrenberg, J.	1960	Experimentelle Untersuchungen zum Problem der Schreibgeschwindigkeit.	Psychologische Forschung, 26, 114-156.
Legrün, A.	1960	Aufsatzschreiben und Schrift [Composition writing and handwriting] (in German)	Schule und Psychologie, 7.
Oinonen, P.	1960	Huono käsiala psykologisena ongelmana – kansakoululapisilla suoritettu tutkimus [Poor handwriting as a psychological problem – an investigation carried out among Primary school children] (in Finnish).	Ph.D. Thesis, University of Jyväskylä, Finland: Acta academiae pedagogicae Jyväskyläensis XXI.	Finland
Pophal, R. and Dunker, E. (1960). Zeitlupenstudium des Schreibvorgang. Zeitschrift für Experimentelle und Angewandte Psychologie, 7(1), 76-99.	1960
Fahrenberg, J.	1961	Graphometrie[Graphometry](in German).	Ph.D. Dissertation. Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg,	Freiburg/Br., Germany.
Hoffmann, H.	1961	Stabilität und Faktorenstruktur einiger konventioneller Kriterien des Schreibdrucks [stability and factor-structure of some conventional criteria of writing-pressure] (in German).	Psychologische Beitrage, 6, 32-50.
Oinonen, P.	1961	Om konstansen hos de grafologiska tecknen.	Nordisk Psykology, 13, 201-206.	Finland
Wallner, T.	1961	En undersokning av tillforlitligheten i bedomningar baserade pa grafologiska metoder [A study of reliability of evalution based on graphological methods] (in Swedish).	Master thesis. Stockholm university, Stockholm, Sweden.
Sonnemann, U. and Kernan, J. P.	1962	Handwriting analysis – a valid selection tool?	Personnel Administrator, 39 (6).
Breil, M. A.	1963	Graphologische Untersuchung von 14 Handschriften von Patienten mit genuiner Epilepsie.	Psych. Neurol.,140, 382-405.
Hofsommer, W. and Holdworth R.	1963	Die Validität der Handschriftenanalyse bei der Auwahl von Piloten [The validity of handwriting analysis in the selection of pilots] (in German)	Psychologie und Praxis, 7, 175-178.
Hofsommer, W., Holdworth and Seifert Th.	1963	Zur Bewährungskontrolle graphologischer Diagnosen.	Psychologische Beiträge, 7(3), 397-401.
Wallner, T.	1963	Graphologie als Objekt statistischer Untersuchungen [Graphology as object of statistical examination]	Psychologische Rundschau, 16, 282-296.
Breil, M. A.	1964	[Graphology in the service of psychiatry] (in German).	Bibl. Psychiatr. Neurol., 12, 197-219.
Wittlich, B.	1964	Krisenhafte Pubertät im Schriftbild (Puberty crises in the picture of handwriting]	In: Handbuch der Erziehungsberatung, Band I. Munich. pp. 320-332.	Germany
Essing, W.	1965	Untersuchungen über Veränderungen der Schreibmotorik im Grundschulalter [Experiments in changes in writing motricity at primary-school age] (in German).	Human Development, 8, 194-221.
Hofsommer, W., Holdsworth R., Seifert Th.	1965	Reliabilitätsfragen in der Graphologie [Questions of reliability in graphology] (in German).	Psychologie und Praxis, 9(1), 14-24.
Naftali, A.	1965	Behavior factors in handwriting identification.	Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology, and Police Science, 56, 528-538.
Privat, S.	1965	[Contribution of graphology to the diagnosis and prognosis of psychoses] (in French)	Gaz. Med. Fr. 72(12), 2501-2523.
Regel, H., Parnitzke, K. and Fischel, W.	1965	Die Verwendung graphische Verfahren bei der Diagnostik frühkindlicher Hirnschädigung [The application of graphic processes in the diagnosis of early childhood brain demage].	Acta Paedopsychiatrica, 32, 299-307; 338-343.
Timm, U.	1965	Graphometrie als psychologischer Test? Eine Untersuchung der Reliabiltät, Faktorenstruktur und Validität von 84 Schriftmerkmalen [Graphometry as a psychological test? A study of reliability, factor-structure and validity of 84 handwriting indicators] (in German).	Ph.D. Dissertation. Institute for Psychology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg	Freiburg /Br, Germany
Dostal, K. (1966).	1966	Die Phasen der Schreibreifung [The phases of writing maturation] (in German).	Erziehung und Unterricht, 5.
Wallner, T.	1966	Zusammenhänge zwischen Prognosedaten, Handschriftenvariablen und Ausbildungsergebnissen.	Psychologische Beitrage, 9, 449-454.
Anthony, D	1967	Is graphology valid?	Psychology Today		USA
Grünewald–Zuberbier, E.	1967	Aktivierung und Kontrolle Bei verhaltenschwierigen Kindern im Bereich der Graphomotorik [Activation and control in the grapho-motricity of children with behavior difficulties. (in German)	Psychol. Beitrage, 9, 503-524.
Adler, S.	1968	Das Schreibverhalten des Erstklässlers	Masters Dissertation	Zurch University	Zurich, Switzerland
Frederick, C. J.	1968	An investigation of handwriting of suicide patients through suicide notes.	Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 73, 263-267.
Lockowandt, O.	1968	Faktorenanalytische Validierung der Handschrift mit besonderer Berücksichtigung projektiver Methoden. Zeitschr. exp. ang.	Psychol. 15, 487-530.
Macleod, C.	1968	A 'Ripper' handwriting analysis	Criminology, 9, 120-7.
Schneevoigt, I.	1968	Die graphologische Intelligenzdiagnose: Handschrift und Intelligenzniveau (The graphological intelligence diagnosis: Handwriting andintelligence level).	Bonn: Bouvier.
Prystav, G.	1969	Beitrag zur faktorenanalytischen Validierung der Handschrift.	Ph.D. Dissertation. Institute for Psychology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg	Freiburg/Br, Germany.
Kanfer, A.	1970	Neuromuscular aberrations with developing malignancies.	Proc. Amer. Ass. Cancer Res. 163.
Wallner, T.	1970	Der prognostische Wert von Tests und Hanschriftenvariablen bei Eignungsuntersuchungen [The prognostic value of tests and handwriting variables in matching studies].	Zeitschrift für experimentelle und angewandte Psychologie, 17, 316-356.
Zweigenhaft, R.	1970	Signature size - a key to status awareness	Journal of Social Psychology, 81.
Beumont, P.	1971	Small handwriting in some patients with anorexia nervosa	British Journal of Psychiatry, 119, 349-350.
Broern, W.	1971	Graphology and its importance in current medical psychology.	Medizinische Klinik,	Hamburg, 66, 6.
Knobloch, H.	1971	Die graphologische Bewertung [The graphological evaluation] (in German). In: Stoll, F. (ed.).	Die Psychologie das 20. Jahrhundert, Band VII: Anwendung im Berufsleben. Zurich: Kindler, pp. 98-125.	Germany
Michel, F.	1971	Etude experimentale de la vitesse du geste graphique [ Experimental study of the velocity of graphic movement].	Neuropsychologia, 9, 1-13.
Prystav, G.	1971	Interpretationsreliabilität in der Schriftpsychologie [Reliability of interpretation in handwriting-psychology]. (in German).	Schweitzerische Zeitschrift für Psychologie und Ihre Anwendung, 30 (4), 320-332.	Germany
Prystav, G. and Koll, K.	1971	Der Einfluss der Einstuffung- und Darbietungsart des Schriftmaterials auf die Höhe der Interpretationsqualität.	Psychologie und Praxis, 15, 177.	Germany
Reichold, L.	1971	Schriftpsychologie und Pilotenselektion [Handwriting-psychology and selection of pilots].	Ph.D. Dissertation. Institute for Psychology, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg	Freiburg/Br, Germany
Chédru, F. and Geschwind, N.	1972	Writing disturbances in acute confusional states.	Neuropsychologia, 10, 343-353.
Faust, J. and Price, J.	1972	A twin study of graphology.	Journal of Biosocial Studies (UK), 4(4), 379-396.	UK
Hearns, R.	1972	The use of graphology in criminology.	Criminal Psychopathology, 3, 461-464.
Mullins, J.	1972	A handwriting model of children with learning disabilities.	Journal of Learning Disabilities, 5, 306-311.
Thein, S. G. Jr.	1972	Graphological indices of personality.	MA thesis in counseling, United States International University, School of Human Behavior.	USA
Blank, R.	1973	Der Beitrag der Schriftanalyse zur Schullaufberatung der Zehnjährige.	Dissertation, Stuttgart University	Stuttgart, Germany.
Hofsommer, W.	1973	Untersuchungen zur Reliabilität und Validität schriftpsychologischer Diagnosen. [Studies of the relioability and validity of handwriting-psychological diagnoses] (in German).	Ph. D. Dissertation, Rh. Friedrich-Wilhelm Universität	Bonn, Germany.
Lomonaco, Th., Harrison, R., and Klein, F.	1973	Accuracy of matching TAT and graphological personality profiles.	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 36, 703-706.
Venturini, O.	1973	Studio di 25 scritture di ragazzi minorati psichici (in Italian).	Ann. Neuropsychiat. Psicoanal. 20(1-4), 173-190.
Zweigenhaft, R. and Marlowe, D.	1973	Signature size: Studies in Expressive movement.	Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 40(3), 469-473.
Davis, D.	1974	Jack the Ripper- - The handwriting analysis.	Criminologist, 9, 62-9.
Haase, H. J., Floru, L. and Knaack, M.	1974	The clinical importance of the neuroleptic threshold and its fine motor determination by the handwriting test.	Journal of Internal Medicine Research, 2(5), 321-330.
Pearl, R.	1974	The value of handwriting in neurologic examination.	The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, 41(1), 200-204.
Gross, L. J.	1975	Drug-induced handwriting changes: an empirical review.	Tex. Rep. Biol. Med, 33(3), 370-390.
Pörschke, M.	1975	Graphomotorik und Intelligenz – Eine empirische Untersuchung bei Schülern differenter Intelligenzquotienten [Grapho-motricity and intelligence, an empirical study in students with different IQs].	Dissertation phil. l. Pädagogische Hochschule Ruhr	Dortmund, Germany.
Shafir, A., Hirsch, M. and Schepps, S.	1975	The delayed mental influence of the Holocaust experience as projected in psychodiagnostic battery.	Tel Aviv: Mental Health Clinic, Kupat Holim and Tel Aviv University Medical School.	Israel
Wallner, T.	1975	Hypotheses of handwriting psychology and their verification.	Prof. Psycho., 6(1), 8-16
Lievens, S.	1976	Etude comparative entre les résultats de l'analyse graphologique de lettres de sollicitation et les jugements externes	In: Le langage et l'homme, 32, 13-20.
Lockowandt, O.	1976	Present status of the investigation of handwriting psychology as a diagnostic method.	Journal Supplement Abstract Service, 6. American Psychological Organization.
Paulson, G. W.	1976	Predictive tests in Huntington’s disease.	Res. Publ. Assoc. Res. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 55, 317-329.
Doubrawa, R.	1977	Veränderungen der Handschrift im Alter [Changing of handwriting in old age] (in German).	Zeitschrift für Gerontologie, 10, 355-364.
Heer, G. M.	1977	Spätfolgen frühkindlicher Mutterentbehrung im Spiegel der Handschrift von Jugendlichen.	Dissertation phil. l., Zurich University,	Zurich, Switzerland.
Lerer et al.	1977	Effects of methylphenidate on handwritings of children with MBD.	Journal of Pediatrics (USA), 91(1), 127-132.	USA
Lewinsky, R.	1977	Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Graphologie in der klinisch-diagnostischen Praxis [Possibilities and boundaries of graphology in clinical-diagnostic practice] (in German).	Dissertation phil. l., Zurich University	Zurich, Switzerland.
Stewart, R. A.	1977	Effects of self-esteem and status on size of signature	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 44, 185-186.
Zweigenhaft, R .	1977	The empirical study of signature size	Social Behavior and Personality, 5(1)
Belin, C. J.	1978	The structural graphology and the suicidal personality.	Confin. Psychiatr., 21(1-3), 25-30.
Donig, C.	1978	Die Handschrift als diagnostisher Hinweis für psychogene Erkrankungen.	Ther. Ggw. 117(4), 515-542.
Haase, H. J.	1978	The purely neuroleptic effects and its relation to the “neuroleptic threshold”.	Acta Psychiatr. Belg., 78 (1), 19-36.
Haase, H. J., Kaumeier, S., Schwartz, H., Gundel, A., Linde O. K., Maetz, H., Scheel, R., Stripf, A. and Stripf, L.	1978	Open study with Bromperidol (C-C 2489), a new neuroleptic, for the determination of the neuroleptic threshold and the neuroleptic-therapeutic range.	Pharmakopsychiatr. Neuropsychopharmakol., 11 (2), 81-85.
Meier, M. A.	1978	Untersuchung zur Handschrift von Schizophrenen [Study of the handwriting of schizophrenics]	Ph. D. Dissssertation, Zurich University	Zurich, Switzerland.
Rudolf, H.	1978	Über die Entwicklung der Graphomotorik unter besondere Berücksichtigung der Intelligenztheorie Piagets [ About the development of grapho-motricity, with special attention to the Intelligence Theory of Piaget] (in German).	Dissertation phil.l. Pädagogische Hochschule Westfalen-Lippe	Germany
Belin, C. J.	1979	L’écriture dans l’Anorexie mentale chez la jeune fille.	Psychol. Med. (France), 10/11, 2117-2122
Haydu G.G. and Korenyi, C.	1979	Graphokinetic effect of Huntington Disease (Chorea) in blind study of handwriting.	Act. Nerv. Super. (Praha). 19 (Suppl. 2), 355-356.
Shanon, B.	1979	Graphological patterns as a function of handedness and culture	Neuropsychologia, 17, 457-465.
Briggs, D.	1980	A study of the influence of handwriting upon grades using examination scripts.	Educational Review, 32(2), 185-193.
Nauer-Meier, M. A.	1981	Äeusserungsformen des Narzissmus in der Handschrift {Expressive forms of narcissim].	In: Vom dienenden Geist. Beiträge zu Gegenwartsfragen der Psychologie und der Schriftpsychologie. Festschrift zum 65. Geburtstag von Herbert Hönel. Wien: Hans Eggert Schröder, Wien.	Germany
Suchenwirth, R.M. A.	1981	Das Schriftbild bei Hirnerkrankungen: Neurologische Graphologie [The handwriting picture of cerebral patients – Neurological graphology] (in German).	Fortschr. Neurol. Psychiat., 49(2), 64-73.
Waggoner, J., Lanunziata Jr., L. J., Hill, D. S. and Cooper, J. O.	1981	Space, size and accuracy of kindergarten and first grade students' manuscript handwriting	Journal of Educational Research, 74 (3)
Dreher, A.	1982	Computer ermittelt feinmotorische Störungen in der Handschrift [Computer recorded fine-motricity disturbances in Handwriting] (in German).	Psycho, 8, 474-484.
Hasse-Sander, I., Gross, G., Huber, G., Peters S. and Schuttler, R.	1982	Testpsychologische Untersuchungen in Basisstadien und reinen Residualzustanden schizophrener Erkrankungen. [Psychological tests’ studies in the basic state and pure residual state of schizophrenic diseases] (in German).	Arch. Psychiatr. Nervenkr. 231(3), 235-249.
Haydu, G. G. and S. Feldman	1982	Kinetic Patterns of individuality in acoustic and graphic productions.	Language and Communication: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2, 133-136
Hilton, O.	1983	How individual are personal writing habits?	Journal of Forensic Sciences, 28, 683-5.
Lewinson-Stein, T. S.	1983	The Genain quadruplets at age 51 – handwriting assessment.	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 56(1), 171-176.	USA
Lewitt P. A.	1983	Micrografia as a focal sign of neurological disease. J.	Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, 46(12), 1152-1153.
Lieberman.	1983	Adolf Hitler: his diaries and Parkinson disease.	New England Journal of Medicine, 309(6), 375-376.
Margolin, D. J. and Wing, A. M.	1983	Agraphia and micrographia: Clinical manifestations of motor programming and performance disorders.	Acta Psychologica, 54, 263-283.
Volmat, R. and Berlin, C.	1983	Expression graphique des deux grandes nevroses: l’hysterique et l’obsessionnelle [Graphic expression of two major neuroses – Hysteric and Obsessional] (in French).	Acta Psychiatrica Belgica, 8(3), 220-232.
Zaki, N. N. and Ibrahim, M. A.	1983	Effect of alcohol and Cannabis sativa consumption on handwriting	Neurobehav. Toxicol. Teratol., 5(2), 225-227.
Bar-El, N.	1984	Interrelations amoung graphological judgments, psychological assessment and self-rating of personality trends (in Hebrew)	MA thesis, Dept. of Psychology	Tel-Aviv University
Behrendt, J. E.	1984	Alzheimer disease and its effect on handwriting	Journal of Forensic Sciences, 29(1), 87-91.
Avé-Lallemant, U.	1985	Der SWT als Funktionstest und Projektivtest im Dienste der Flüchtlingsproblems.	AWR Bulletin: Quarterly on Refugee Problems, 23(2), 59-73.
Birron, D. (1985).	1985	Graphology – a validation study of the test’s claims (in Hebrew).	The 20th Scientific Congress of the Israeli Psychological Organization.
Ceccarelli G.	1985	Scientificità della grafologia e professione di grafologo – Note per la discussione e prospettive di ricerca dal punto di vista di uno psicologo.	paper at the Urbino Congress.	Urbino, Italy
Gugliotta, N.	1985	Personalita patologiche e relativi segni grafici [Pathological personality and related graphic signs] (in Italian).	Rivista Internationale di Psycologia e Ipnosi, 26 (2-3).	Italy
Kustner, U. and Mueller-Oerlinghausen, B.	1985	The handwriting test as an aid to neuroleptic dosage.	Int. J. Clin.Pharmacol. Ther. Toxicol. 23 (suppl. 1), 34-41.
Steinwachs, K. L. and Steinwachs F.	1985	Handwriting dynamics, its measurements and clinical significances.	Journal of Neurology, 232(suppl.), 282.
Auzias, M. & Ajuriaguerra, J.	1986	Les fonctions culturelles de l'écriture et les conditions de son développement chez l'enfant.	Enfance, 2-3, 145-167
Dreher, A. et al.	1986	Clinical study of the correlation between antipsychotic operative dose of perphenazine and fine motor in Haase’s test.	Pharmacopsychiatrie, 19(4), 206-207.
Drory, A.	1986	Graphology and job performance: a validation study. in: Nevo, B. Scientific aspects of graphology. Springfield, Ill.	Charles C. Thomas. pp. 165-173.
Haase, H. J. Der	1986	standartisierte Handschrifttest – Diagnostische Verwertung bei akuten schizophrene Psychosen [The standadized Handwriting Test – diagnistic evaluation in accute schizophrenic psychoses] (in German).	Psycho, 1986, 620-630.
Lewinson-Stein, T. S.	1986	Handwriting analysis in diagnosis and treatment of alcoholism.	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 62, 265-266.	USA
Ratzon, H.	1986	Handwriting analysis of Holocaust survivors. In:	Nevo,B. Scientific aspects of Graphology. Springfield, Ill. : Charles C. Thomas. pp. 127-140.
Smith, W. W.	1986	Creativity and handwriting: A study of relationship between handwriting and creativity in fifth grade children.	Dissertation Abstracts International 47(3): 842A.
Challem, J. J. and Reed-Stitt, B. Studies, 7,12-24.	1987	One Pre-Raphaelite legacy: An analysis of the personalities of Dante Gabriel Rossetti and Elizabeth Siddal as seen through their handwritings.	The Journal of Pre-Raphaelite and Aesthetic
Friedman,	1987	More on Hitler and Parkinson disease.	New England Journal of Medicine, 316(2), 114.	USA
Wellingham-Jones, P.	1987	Evaluation of adolescents’ self-esteem through the Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory and graphometric analysis of students’ handwriting.	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 65, 421-480.
Kao, H. S. R. and Wong, C.M.	1988	Pen Pressure in Chinese Handwriting.	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 67(3), 778.
Nevo, B.	1988	Yes, graphology can predict occupational success: Rejoinder to Ben Shakhar et al.	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 66, 92-94.	USA
Peeples, E. E.	1988	Genetics and handwriting – a study of the handwritings of family members.	Ph.D. Thesis, University of Northern Colorado.	Greeley, CO
TenHouten, W.D., Seifer, M. J. and Siegel, P.C.	1988	Alexithymia and the Split Brain : VII. Evidence from graphological signs.	Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 11(3), 331-338.
Zanoni, M. M.	1988	Handwriting changes and hypnosis.	Journal of Hypnotherapy, 8, 7-9.
Avé-Lallemant, U.	1989	The Star-Wave Test in pre-school age as prognostic of school maturity.	In: Symposium of the International Academy for Research of Learning Disabilities.	Prague.
Brütsch, R.	1989	Pädagogik und Graphologie.	Dissertation phil.l., Zurich University	Zurich, Switzerland.
Gilbert P. et Chardon C.	1989	Analyser l’écriture, formation permanente en sciences humaines.	Paris: ESF Editeur, Entreprises moderne d’édition.	France
Peeples, E. E.	1989	Measurement of handwriting factors	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 68, 142.
Wellingham-Jones, P.	1989	Evaluation of handwritings of successful women through the Roman-Staempfli Psychogram.	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 69.	USA
Deguy, M., Genre, C. and Debaere, P. A.	1990	Graphology in the psychological approach of candidates for esthetic surgery – Report of 45 cases (in French).	Ann. Chir. Plast. Esthet. 35(3), 250-256.
Kegel, Z.	1990	Wykorzystanie grafologii do selekcji personelu: I	Polsko-Hiszpanskie Sympozjum, Wroclaw: Acta Universitatis Wratislaviensis.	Poland
Blöte, A.W. and Bletz L.H.	1991	A longitudinal study on the structure of handwriting.	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 72, 983-994.
Kohlschütter, U. and Wolff, H.	1991	Der Sterne-Wellen Test bei Kindern mit Down Syndrom [The Star-Wave Test in children with Down-Syndrome] (in German).	Unsere Jugend, 43.
Oosthnizen S.	1991	Graphology as predictor of academic achievement.	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 71(3), 715-722.
Peeples, E. E. and Retzlaff, P.D.	1991	A component analysis of handwriting	Journal of General Psychology, 118(4), 369-74.
Rosenberger, P. B., Kohlschütter, U. and Schmuck, G.	1991	Drawing tests in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.	Poster presentation. Cincinnati: International Academy for Research in Learning Disabilities.
Wellingham-Jones, P.	1991	Characteristics of handwriting of subjects with multiple sclerosis.	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 73(3), 867-879.	USA
Wellingham-Jones, P.	1991	Mouth writing by a quadriplegic	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 72, 1324-1326.	USA
Yank, J. R.	1991	Handwriting variations in individuals with multiple personality disorder	Dissociation, 4(1).	USA
Angelozzi, D.	1992	E. Solange-Pellat - Les lois de l'ecriture. Introduzione critica, traduzione er appendice.	Thesis	Urbino University.	Italy
Dettweiler, L. R. and Lewinson, T. S.	1992	[Posibilities and limits of medical graphology. Determination of current status and perspectives – Part 1] (in German). Z.	Gesamte Inn. Med. 47(12), 549-557.
Maeland, A. F.	1992	Handwriting and perceptual motor skills in clumsy, dysgraphic and normal children.	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 75(3), 1207-1217.	USA
Sassoon, R.	1992	Children’s handwriting as an indicator of stress.	International Journal of Psychology, 27 (3-4), 440.
Schwarz, D.	1992	A validity study of graphology: Its usefulness in assessing integrity in identifying people prone to committing theft.	Master’s Thesis, College of Criminal Justice, New York.	USA
Beschel, G.	1993	Kritzelschriften als Bewegung, Leistung und Ausdruck.	Beiträge z. Psych. D. K.- und Jschrift, 33.
Dettweiler, L. R. and Lewinson, T. S. [Posibilities and limits of medical graphology. Determination of current status and perspectives – Part 2] (in German).	1993	Part 2	Z. Gesamte Inn. Med. 48(1), 5-12.
Galeazzi, G.	1993	Valutazioni epistemolgiche della grafologia.	Scienze Umane & Grafologia, 2, 139-154.
Keinan G. & Eilat-Greenberg S.	1993	Can stress be measured by handwriting	International Review, 42(2), 153-170.
Langer, G.	1993	Graphology in Personality Assessment: A Reliability and Validity Study.	Ph. D. Dissertation, The Faculty of The Gordon F. Derner Insitutute of Advanced Psychological Studies, Adelphi University	Garden City, NY.
Deragna, S., Agostini, R., Coghi, I., Montanino, G., Nicotra, M. and Ruozi Berretta, L.	1994	Sterilità psicosomatica - ricerca per una ipotesi di struttura di personalità con la metodologia grafologica morettiana [Psychosomatic sterility - Search for a hypothesis of personality structure using moretti's graphological method].	Minerva Ginecologica, 46(1-2).
Ben-Zion, C., and Yalon, D.Scientific Congress of the Israeli Psychological Organization.	1995	The Star-Wave-Test, Part 2 – The SWT as a screening tool for the detection of kindergarten children at risk and for comparative mapping of kindergartens (in Hebrew).	Be’er Sheba: The 25th Scientific Congress of the Israeli Psychological Organization
Deragna, S.	1995	Indici di rilassamento nella scrittura di gestanti in training autogeno respiratorio. Ricerca con la metodologia grafologica morettiana.	Rivista Neonatologia	Italy
Peeples, E. E., Searls, D.T. and Wellingham-Jones, P.	1995	Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a longitudinal case study of handwriting characteristics.	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 81(3), 1243-1252.
Sandahl, Ch, and Wallner, T.	1995	Does handwriting analysis qualify as a method for personality assessment?	British Journal of Projective Psychology, 40 (1), 40-55.	UK
Satow, R., & Rector, J.	1995	Using Gestalt graphology to identify entrepreneurial leadership.	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 81(1), 263-70.
Yalon, D. and Ben-Zion, C.	1995	The Star-Wave Test - A quantitative tool for the assessment of its developmental and expressive aspects for the diagnosis of kindergarten children.	Be’er Sheba: The 25th Scientific Congress of the Israeli Psychological Organization.
Sevilla, M.	1996	Relationships between handwriting analysis and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator in assessing personality.	Ph.D. Thesis, California Graduate Institute.	USA
Cohen Bar-Kama, S.	1997	Diagnosis of the hyperactive child through handwriting (in Hebrew).	MA thesis, Faculty of Education, Haifa University	Haifa, Israel.
Cohen Bar-Kama, S.	1997	The SWT’s contribution to the understanding of matutation delay, dysgraphy and dysfunction of the Cognitive Motor Control. Educational and Psychological Counseling Institute of the Czech Republic, pp.75-79.	In: Kucharska, A. and Sturma, J. (eds) The Star-Wave-Test in research and experience.	Prague:
Kucharska, A. and Sturma, J.	1997	The Star-Wave Test in the diagnosis of school readiness. In: Kucharska A. and Sturma J. (Eds.), The Star-Wave-Test in research and experience (pp. 80-95).	Prague: Educational and Psychological Counselling Institute of the Czech Republic.	Czech Republic
Macotte, A.C. and Stern, C.	1997	Qualitative analysis of graphomotor output in children with attentional disorders.	Child Neuropsychology, 3(2), 147-153.
McBride, H. E. A., & Siegel, L. S.	1997	Learning disabilities and adolescent suicide.	Journal of Learning Disabilities, 30(6), 652-59.
Reddy, M. A.	1997	Dimensions in Handwriting Psychology: A Study of Handwriting and Human Nature.	Masters Thesis. Prescott College	Prescott, AZ (USA).
Van Rooij, J. J. F., Hazelzet, A.,	1997	Graphologists’ assessment of extraversion compared with assessment by means of a psychological test.	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 85(3), 919-28.
Yalon, D. and Ben-Zion, C.	1997	A quantitative method for the assessment of the functional and expressive aspects in the Star-Wave-Test as a diagnostic tool for kindergarten children (Aged 5 years).	In: Kucharska, A. and Sturma, J. (eds) The Star-Wave-Test in research and experience. Prague: Educational and Psychological Counseling Institute of the Czech Republic, pp.50-63.	The Czech Republic
Christofanelli, P.	1998	La grafologia e in grado di rispondere ai criteri dell’indagine scientifice?	pp. 189-200. In : Ceccarelli, G. Psicologia e grafologia : Quale rapporto? Milano: Franco Angeli.	Italy
Kliebisch, S.	1998	Handgeschicklichkeit und Graphomotorik bei Vorschulkindern. [Manual skills and grapho-motricity in preschoolers] (in German).	M. D. Thesis, Justus-Liebig Universität	Giessen, Germany.
Lyons, R., Payne, Ch., McCabe, M., Fielder, C.	1998	Legibility of doctors' handwriting: Quantitative comparative study	British Medical Journal, 317 (7162), 863-4.
Nauer, , M. A.	1998	Assessment Center versus Graphologie in der Diagnostik von Führungspotential.
Nauer, M. A.	1998	Assessment Center versus Graphologie.	In: io-management, 4, 42-45.
Michaux Granier C., Vrignaud P., Ohayon T.	1999	Validité factorielle de lagraphologie - Une étude exploratoire [Factorial validity – an exploratory study].	In: Huteau M. and Lautrey J. Approches différentielles en psychologie. PUF, p. 309-314.
Elkoshi, R.	2000	Childrens’ graphic notations as representation of musical perceptions.	Ph.D. Thesis. Tel-Aviv University, Department of musicology.	Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Elliott, C. A. E.	2000	Standardization of the seven graphology factors scale for application in industry.	Dissertation Abstract International: Section M: The Sciences and Engineering, 61 (3-B), 1680.
Gill, S.A.	2000	Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Nonverbal Learnind Disability as an adaptive anxiety response impacted by spatially oriented handwriting excercises.	Ph.D. thesis. Walden University, department of Psychology.
Lena, S.	2000	Criteri e metodi per la validazione della grafologia – excursus storico, osservazioni e prospettive [Criteria and methods for validating graphology – Historical background, observations and prospects] (in Italian).	Lecture held in the congress “Protocols for an emerging science – Graphology”	Bologna, Italy
Deragna, S.	2001	Tratti di personalità e psicopatologia in una popolazione di alcolisti: un’indagine clinica e grafologica.	Atti Congr. Idee Psichiatria, 97-101.
Jarossová, Z.	2001	Pismo ako projektivny prejav osobnosti: Graficke znaky sociability v rukopise schizofrenikov v porovnani so zdravou poppulaciou. [Handwriting as projective expression of personality: Graphic signs in the handwriting of schyzophrenics compared to healthy population].	Mgr. Theis, Department of psychology, Faculty of philosophy, Komenius University	Bratislava
Lowis, M. J. and Mooney, S. `	2001	Examination performance and graphological analysis of students’ handwriting	Perceptual and Motor Skills, 93(2), 367-382.	USA
Nauer, , M. A.	2001	Assessment Center versus oder mit Graphologie?	Vortrag am Graphologischen Kongress, Universität Zürich, 19./20. Oktober 2001	Zurich, Switzerland.
Stein, D. J.	2001	Handwriting and obsessive-compulsive disorder	Lancet, 358, 524-25.
Tucha, O. and Lange, K. W.	2001	Effects of Methylphenidate on Kinematic Aspects of Handwriting in Hyperactive Boys.	Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 29(4), 351-357.
Elefant, U. C. (2002).	2002	Untersuchungen zu schriftpsychologischen Erkenntnisse über Patientinnen mit Anorexie nervosa oder Bulimia nervosa.	Dr. Med. dissertation, Medizinische Fakultät,	Leipzig University.
Galeazzi, G.	2002	Scientificità e grafismo – Saggi di epistemologia.	Urbino: Libreria Moretti Editrice.	Italy
Gormezano, V.	2002	Graphological distress signs as a measurement of young adults suicidal tendencies (in Hebrew).	MA thesis, Department of Developmental Aspects in Education, Tel-Aviv University	Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Guthke, J., Beckmann, J. and Schmidt, G.	2002	Ist an der Graphologie doch etwas dran? – Untersuchungen zur Übereinstimmung von Graphologenurteil und psychometrischen Persönlichkeitstests.	Zeitschrift für Personalpsychologie, 4(1), 171-176.
Holmes, S.	2002	A Neuropsychological investigation into the validity of handwriting analysis.	M.A. Thesis, Boston University, Department of psychology	Boston, MA.
Kurapka E. and Malevski H.	2002	Changes in penal law doctrine and their influence onto a forensic expertise. In: Kegel Z. (ed.) Contemporary problems of proof from a document -	Proceedings of the IXth Wroclaw Symposium of Handwriting Research. Wroclaw, Poland. pp. 105-112.	Poland
Lievens, S.	2002	Eustress en Distress in het handschrift.	in: Mens en Organisatie, Liber Amicorum Pol Coetsier: Gent: Academia Press, pp. 281-303.
Srihari, S. N., Cha, S. H., Arora, H., & Lee S.	2002	Individuality of handwriting	Journal of Forensic Sciences, 47(4), 856-72.
Sugiura, K., Hara, S. I. and Suzuki Y.	2002	A projective drawing test-battery technique used on a patient with a psychosomatic disorder.	Japanese Bulletin of Art Therapy, 33(1), 5-14.
Doyharzabal M. del C., Achinelli I., Dengra C. and Koziner B.	2003	La grafologia como auxiliar en la evaluacion del comportamiento del paciente sometido a trasplante de Medula Osea (in Spanish).	Revista Oncologia Clinica, 2, 593.
Loock, A. C., Myburgh, C. P. H., & Poggenpoel, M.	2003	Art as projective medium: An educational psychological model to address unresolved trauma in young adults.	Education, 123(4), 705-713.
Poizner, A. B.	2003	Graphology in psychotherapy : a pilot study exploring clients' and therapists' perceptions of graphology use.	Master Thesis, University of Toronto, Canada.	Canada
Bosom, M. graphology). Ph.D. Thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, Department of Social Psychology, Barcelona, Spain.	2004	Desarrollo y estudios de validación de un nuevo instrumento para selección de directivos, basado en la grafologia (development and validation studies of a new managers’ selection instrument, based on graphology	Ph.D. Thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, Department of Social Psychology	Barcelona, Spain.
Thiry B.	2004	Echelles d'évaluation du degré de fermeté, de souplesse et de raideur de l'écriture manuscrite. Essais de validation. Compte-rendu de recherche.	Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Education de l'Université Catholique de Louvain (unpublished).	France
Legrün, A.	1959-60	Three Adolescent Girls: Handwriting Similarity.	Kriminalistik, 14, 161.
analysis ? The effectiveness of the analytic method. Applied psychology : an
Beck, J.		Handwriting of the Alcoholic	Forensic Science International, 28(1), 19-26
Broschk, S.		Graphology and personality – a correlational analysis.	M.A. thesis. Department of Psychology, Rand Africaans University	South Africa.
Ericsson, L.		Graphic skills as a diagnostic tool for working with the elderly.	Visible language, 24 (2), 214-226.
Gerchow and Wittlich, B. Universität Kiel.		Experimentelle Untersuchungen zum Nachweis alkoholbedingter Persönlichkeitsschädigung [Experimental studies proving deterioration of the alcohol-dependant personality] (in German).	In: Experimentelle und statistische Untersuchungen über alkoholbedingte Persönlichkeitsveränderungen in der post-resorptiven Phase. Kiel: Institut für gerichtliche und soziale Medizin und Institut für Psychologie der	Germany
Heinze, B. Faktoren der Handschrift,		Persönlichkeit, Interessenrichtung und Leistung – Ein Beschreibungsversuch mit Hilfe eines nichtlinearen Faktorenmodells. [Factors of handwriting, personality, direction of interests and Achievements] (in German).	Dissertation phil. Hamburg University	, Hamburg, Germany.
Heyming, L.		The effect of graphomotor excercises and music on normal children and children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.	M.A. Thesis. California State University	San Bernadino, CA USA
Keller, M.		Die Bedeutung der Adressaufschrift für Schriftvergleichung [The meaning of the written address for document examination] (in German).	Zeitschrift für angewandte Psychologie, 37(1-2), 135-169.	Germany
Müller, B, Kliebisch, S and Neuhauser, G.		Children with Minimal Brain Dysfunction – Motor Behaviour and Performance in Graphomotor tasks. In: Kucharska, A. and Sturma, J. (eds) The Star-Wave-Test in research and experience.	Prague: Educational and Psychological Counseling Institute of the Czech Republic, pp.96 -103.	Czech Republic
Pophal, R.		Die Handschrift im Alter [Handwriting in old age].	Zeitschrift für Altersforschung, 4(2), 134-164.
Wallner, T.		Über die Validität graphologischer Aussagen [On the validity of graphological statements]	Diagnostica, 9, 26-32.