Licentious customs of ancient China

from delancy place.com:

In today's encore selection -- in 1273 AD, nineteen-year-old Marco Polo who was
traveling with his father and uncle encountered an unusual sexual custom in Kamul,
an outpost in present-day Xinjiang, China. The custom was so unusual that Mongke
Khan, the Mongol ruler and descendent of Ghengis Khan, had tried to prohibit it:
"The women of Kamul (now called Hami) ... finally brought Marco out of himself.
The people of the region as a whole struck him as wonderfully likeable children,
freely sharing food and drink with 'the wayfarers who pass that way.' ...

" 'These people have such a custom,' he confides, 'If a stranger comes to his house
to lodge, [a man] is too much delighted at it, and receives him with great joy,
and labors to do everything to please,' instructing his 'daughters, sisters, and
other relations to do all that the stranger wishes,' even to the point of leaving
his house for several days while 'the stranger stays with his wife in the house
and does as he likes and lies with her in bed just as if she were his wife, and
they continue in great enjoyment. All the men of this city and province are thus
cuckolded by their wives; but they are not the least ashamed of it.'
"Yes, he admits, it could be said that this licentious behavior dishonored the women
and men of Kamul, 'but I tell you that because of the general custom, which is in
all that province, and is very pleasing to their idols when they give a good reception
to wayfarers in need of rest.' Even more remarkable, the family unit remained intact:
'All the women are very fair and gay and very wanton and most obedient to their
husbands' orders, and greatly enjoy this custom.' ...

"Marco is discussing a well-established custom of the region and an exception to
'village endogamy,' in which the people of the same community intermarry to preserve
assets and bloodlines. Endogamy brings with it the hazard of incest and birth defects.
Exogamy, or marriage outside the clan, refreshes a depleted gene pool. If the outsiders
were nomadic, as Marco suggests, the replenishing of the gene pool would be accomplished
without challenging the existing order. ...

"Once [the emperor] Mongke [Khan] learned of [this practice] he levied 'great penalties
to prevent it.' Wayfarers such as the Polos would have to stay in 'public lodgings'
not private homes, to prevent the 'shaming' of the householders' wives. Mongke had
his way for three years, although the inhabitants of Kamul remained resentful. Matters
worsened when their crops failed and sickness visited one household after another
-- misfortunes they took to mean they had to restore their customs if prosperity
and health were to return. 'They sent their ambassadors,' Marco reports, 'who took
a great and beautiful present and carried it to Mongke, and prayed to him that so
great a wrong, with so great loss to them, and danger, should not be done.' ...
With that ... 'he revoked the order.' "
Author: Laurence Bergreen
Title: Marco Polo: From Venice to Xandu
Publisher: First Vintage Books Edition
Date: Copyright 2007 by Laurence Bergreen
Pages: 87-89
Marco Polo: From Venice to Xanadu
by Laurence Bergreen by Vintage
Paperback ~ Release Date: 2008-10-21
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